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Peter Langfelder and Steve Horvath
with help of many other contributors
Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behavior, UC Los Angeles (PL),
Dept. of Human Genetics and Dept. of Biostatistics, UC Los Angeles (SH)
Peter (dot) Langfelder (at) gmail (dot) com,SHorvath (at) mednet (dot) ucla (dot) edu
BMC Bioinformatics, 2008 9:559(link opens in a new tab/window)
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Abstract
Correlation networks are increasingly being used inbioinformatics applications. For example,weighted gene co-expression network analysis is a systems biologymethod for describing the correlation patterns among genesacross microarray samples. Weighted correlation network analysis(WGCNA) can be used for finding clusters (modules) of highly correlatedgenes, for summarizing such clusters using the moduleeigengene or an intramodular hub gene, for relating modules to one another and to external sample traits(using eigengene network methodology), and for calculating modulemembership measures. Correlation networks facilitate network basedgene screening methods that can be used to identify candidatebiomarkers or therapeutic targets. These methods have beensuccessfully applied in various biological contexts, e.g. cancer,mouse genetics, yeast genetics, and analysis of brain imaging data. While parts ofthe correlation network methodology have been described in separate publications, there is aneed to provide a user-friendly, comprehensive, and consistentsoftware implementation and an accompanying tutorial.The WGCNA R software package is a comprehensive collection of Rfunctions for performing various aspects of weighted correlationnetwork analysis. The package includes functions for networkconstruction, module detection, gene selection, calculations oftopological properties, data simulation, visualization, andinterfacing with external software. Along with the R package wealso present R software tutorials. While the methods developmentwas motivated by gene expression data, the underlying data miningapproach can be applied to a variety of different settings.
Getting started with R and Weighted Gene Co-expression Network Analysis
The package described here is an add-on for the statistical language and environment R (freesoftware).Our tutorials contain step bystep instructions such that even complete novice users should be able to get started in R immediately.Readers wishing to learn about the theory and published applications of WGCNA are invited tovisit the WGCNAmain page.
R Tutorials
A comprehensive set of tutorials that illustrate various aspects of WGCNA is available. We offer not only introductory tutorials thatintroduce basic functionality of the package, but also more advanced analyses in which we used the WGCNApackage in our own research.Click here to access the tutorial page.
Further reading
Peter Langfelder occasionally writes about WGCNA features and other topicsrelating to data analysis. The articles are written for a general audience and try to avoid deep technical details. We also have a few technical reports that discuss aselected deeply technical aspects of the WGCNA methodology - these are more mathematical and targeted primarilly todie-hard statistician geeks.Automatic installation from CRAN
The WGCNA package is now available from the Comprehensive R Archive Network (CRAN), the standard repositoryfor R add-on packages. Currently, some of the required packages is only available from Bioconductor and needto be installed using Bioconductor's installation tools. The easiest way to do this is
install.packages('BiocManager')
BiocManager::install('WGCNA')
BiocManager::install('WGCNA')
![Available Available](/uploads/1/2/6/5/126592924/463753090.jpg)
The first command (
install.packages('BiocManager')
) can be skipped if the package BiocManager
is already installed.This will install the WGCNA package and all necessary dependencies. The catch is that this only installsthe newest version of WGCNA if your R version is also the newest (minor) version.Users using older versions of R will need to follow the manual download andinstallation instructions below.
Note for Mac users: CRAN occasionally fails to compile the WGCNA package for Mac OS X. This leads to the error message 'Package WGCNA is not available..' when calling
BiocManager::install()
. If this occurs, please download the binary version from here and follow the installationinstructions (or, if you are able to compile packages locally, download the source and install that).Note of caution: The newest versions of WGCNA is available from CRAN only for the current Rversion and (usually) one older version. For example, if your R version is 3.2.1 and the current R version on CRAN is 3.5.0, the automaticinstallation and update will not use the newest version of WGCNA. Please update your R to the newest versionor use the manual download below.
Problems installing or using the package? Please see our list of frequently askedquestions. Your problem and the solution may already be posted there.
Manual download and installation
Please follow these steps only if the automatic package installation above does not work.
Prerequisites:
The current version of the WGCNA package will only work with R version 3.0.0 and higher. If youhave an older version of R, please upgrade your R.
Mt5 for mac os catalina. The WGCNA package requires the following packages to be installed: stats, grDevices, utils, matrixStats (0.8.1 or higher), Hmisc, splines, foreach, doParallel, fastcluster, dynamicTreeCut,survival, parallel, preprocessCore, GO.db, impute, and AnnotationDbi.If your system does not have them installed, the easiestway to install them is to issue the following command at the R prompt:
install.packages(c('matrixStats', 'Hmisc', 'splines', 'foreach', 'doParallel', 'fastcluster', 'dynamicTreeCut', 'survival'))
source('http://bioconductor.org/biocLite.R')
biocLite(c('GO.db', 'preprocessCore', 'impute'))
source('http://bioconductor.org/biocLite.R')
biocLite(c('GO.db', 'preprocessCore', 'impute'))
Please note that GO enrichment calculations in WGCNA are deprecated; we recommend using the R package anRichment which provides replacement for WGCNA functions GOenrichmentAnalysis() anduserListEnrichment().
If you run an older version of R, the above may not install the newest version of the dynamicTreeCutpackage. Should you encounter this problem, please manually download and install dynamicTreeCut from this web page.
Macos System Extensions
R package download and installation:Package WGCNA_1.69-81 (last updated 2020/04/30) is available here as source code and several pre-compiledversions for various platforms. In general it is preferable to download the source and compile the packagelocally; however, if this is not practical, please select an appropriate compiled version.
- Source for Linux and all users able to compile the package locally: WGCNA_1.69-81.tar.gz
- Compiled binary Mac OS X:WGCNA_1.69.tgz
- Comiled binary for Windows running R-3.4.0 or higher: WGCNA_1.69.zip
- Reference manual in pdf format
- Quick reference: overview table of most important functions
- A terse changelog
The package version numbers follow the formatpackageName_major.minor-revision. Minor versions typically add or change some functionality;revisions typically contain bugfixes or minor enhancements.
Should you discover bugs (of which there are most likely plenty), please report them to Peter Langfelder.
Problems installing or using the package
Please see our list of Frequently Asked Questions (and frequently given answers);the solution to your problem may lie there. In particular, you can find answers about spurious Macerrors, compatibility problems when upgrading WGCNA, and others. If you still cannot solve the problem, email PeterLangfelder.Old versions of R package WGCNA
Older version of the packages presented on this page are available here.Citing the WGCNA package
If you use WGCNA in published work, please cite it to properly credit people who have created it. The WGCNA as an analysis method is described in
- Zhang B and Horvath S (2005) A General Framework for Weighted Gene Co-Expression Network Analysis, Statistical Applications in Genetics and Molecular Biology: Vol. 4: No. 1, Article 17 PMID: 16646834
The package implementation is described in the article https://fampowerup586.weebly.com/scansnap-update-for-mac-catalina-installation-error-error.html.
If you use any q-value (FDR) calculations, please also cite at least one of the following articles:
- Storey JD. (2002) A direct approach to false discovery rates. Journal of the Royal Statistical Society, Series B, 64: 479-498.
- Storey JD and Tibshirani R. (2003) Statistical significance for genome-wide experiments. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 100: 9440-9445.
- Storey JD, Taylor JE, and Siegmund D. (2004) Strong control, conservative point estimation, and simultaneous conservative consistency of false discovery rates: A unified approach. Journal of the Royal Statistical Society, Series B, 66: 187-205.
If you use the
collapseRows
function to summarize/convert probe-level data to gene-leveldata, please citeR Is Not Available For Macos Systems For Windows 10
- Miller JA, Cai C, Langfelder P, Geschwind DH, Kurian SM, Salomon DR, Horvath S (2011) Strategies foraggregating gene expression data: The collapseRows R function. BMC Bioinformatics 12:322.
If you use module preservation calculations, please cite https://fampowerup586.weebly.com/blog/disk-cleanup-for-mac-el-capitan.
- Langfelder P, Luo R, Oldham MC, Horvath S (2011) Is my network module preserved and reproducible? PloSComp Biol. 7(1): e1001057
If you use functions
rgcolors.func
, plotCor
, plotMat
,stat.bwss
, or stat.diag.da
, please also cite the article- Sandrine Dudoit, Yee Hwa Yang, Matthew J. Callow, and Terence P. Speed, Statistical methods for identifying differentially expressed genes in replicated cDNAmicroarray experiments, STATISTICA SINICA 2002, 12:111
Acknowledgments
The core of the functions and other code was written by Peter Langfelder and Steve Horvath, partlybased on older code written by Steve Horvath and Bin Zhang. Multiple people contributed additional code,most prominently Jeremy Miller, Chaochao (Ricky) Cai, Lin Song, Jun Dong, and Andy Yip. The package alsocontains code adapted from external packages that were either orphaned (such as packagesma
) ortheir development has made the code difficult to use in WGCNA (such as package R Is Not Available For Macos Systems 2017
qvalue
R Is Not Available For Macos Systems 7
). A big thanks goes out to people who continue report the many bugs in the package.R Is Not Available For Macos Systems Pc
The package is currently maintained by Peter Langfelder.